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Analysis on carbon emission reduction intensity of fuel cell vehicles from a life-cycle perspective

《能源前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0909-1

摘要： The hydrogen fuel cell vehicle is rapidly developing in China for carbon reduction and neutrality. This paper evaluated the life-cycle cost and carbon emission of hydrogen energy via lots of field surveys, including hydrogen production and packing in chlor-alkali plants, transport by tube trailers, storage and refueling in hydrogen refueling stations (HRSs), and application for use in two different cities. It also conducted a comparative study for battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs). The result indicates that hydrogen fuel cell vehicle (FCV) has the best environmental performance but the highest energy cost. However, a sufficient hydrogen supply can significantly reduce the carbon intensity and FCV energy cost of the current system. The carbon emission for FCV application has the potential to decrease by 73.1% in City A and 43.8% in City B. It only takes 11.0%–20.1% of the BEV emission and 8.2%–9.8% of the ICEV emission. The cost of FCV driving can be reduced by 39.1% in City A. Further improvement can be obtained with an economical and “greener” hydrogen production pathway.

关键词： hydrogen energy     life-cycle assessment (LCA)     fuel cell vehicle     carbon emission     energy cost    

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Life-cycle analysis of energy use and greenhouse gas emissions of gas-to-liquid fuel pathway from steel

Xunmin OU, Xu ZHANG, Qian ZHANG, Xiliang ZHANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第3期   页码 263-270 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0263-9

摘要： The LanzaTech process can convert carbon monoxide-containing gases produced by industries, such as steel manufacturing, into valuable fuel products. The life-cycle analysis (LCA) of energy use and greenhouse gas emissions from the LanzaTech process has been developed for a Chinese setting using the original Tsinghua China Automotive LCA model along with a customized module developed principally for the process. The LCA results demonstrate that LanzaTech gas-to-liquid (GTL) processing in China’s steel manufacturing is favorable in terms of life-cycle fossil energy and can reduce greenhouse gas emissions by approximately 50% compared with the conventional petroleum gasoline. The LanzaTech process, therefore, shows advantages in both energy-savings and a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions when compared with most bio-ethanol production pathways in China.

关键词： life-cycle analysis (LCA)     gas-to-liquid (GTL)     LanzaTech process    

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Life-cycle cost analysis of optimal timing of pavement preservation

Zilong WANG,Hao WANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第1期   页码 17-26 doi: 10.1007/s11709-016-0369-3

摘要： Optimal application of pavement preservation or preventive maintenance is critical for highway agencies to allocate the limited budget for different treatments. This study developed an integrated life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA) model to quantify the impact of pavement preservation on agency cost and vehicle operation cost (VOC) and analyzed the optimal timing of preservation treatments. The international roughness index (IRI) data were extracted from the long-term pavement performance (LTPP) program specific pavement studies 3 (SPS-3) to determine the long-term effectiveness of preservation treatments on IRI deterioration. The traffic loading and the initial IRI value significantly affects life extension and the benefit of agency cost caused by pavement preservation. The benefit in VOC is one to two orders greater in magnitude as compared to the benefit in agency cost. The optimal timing calculated based on VOC is always earlier than the optimal timing calculated based on agency cost. There are considerable differences among the optimal timing of three preservation treatments.

关键词： pavement preservation     life-cycle cost analysis     agency cost     vehicle operation cost    

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Life-cycle assessment and techno-economic analysis of the production of wood vinegar from stem: a case

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第8期   页码 1109-1121 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2296-2

摘要： This research undertook a case study of the life-cycle assessment and techno-economic analysis of the slow pyrolysis of Eucommia stem for the production of wood vinegar and activated carbon. The results showed that the production of one ton of wood vinegar via the slow pyrolysis of Eucommia stem show comparatively low global warming potential (2.37 × 102 kg CO2 eq), primary energy demand (3.16 × 103 MJ), acidification potential (2.19 kg SO2 eq), antimony depletion potential (3.86 × 10–4 kg antimony eq), and ozone depletion potential (7.46 × 10–6 kg CFC-11 eq) and was more environmentally friendly than the production of dilute acetic acid (12 wt %) via petrochemical routes. Meanwhile, the total capital investment, total product cost, and cash flowsheet were provided in the techno-economic analysis. Then, the net present value, internal rate of return, and dynamic payback period of the production process were evaluated. The findings indicated that while this production process is cost-effective, it might not be economically attractive or could generate investment risks. An increase in the added value of the wood vinegar and the activated carbon could remarkably improve the economic feasibility of this production process.

关键词： life-cycle assessment     techno-economic analysis     wood vinegar     activated carbon     Eucommia    

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Life cycle cost savings analysis on traditional drainage systems from low impact development strategies

Pengfei ZHANG, Samuel T. ARIARATNAM

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第1期   页码 88-97 doi: 10.1007/s42524-020-0063-y

摘要： Areas that are covered with natural vegetation have been converted into asphalt, concrete, or roofed structures and have increased surface impermeability and decreased natural drainage capability. Conventional drainage systems were built to mimic natural drainage patterns to prevent the occurrence of waterlogging in developed sites. These drainage systems consist of two major components: 1) a stormwater conduit system, and 2) a runoff storage system. Runoff storage systems contain retention basins and drywells that are used to store and percolate runoff, whereas conduit systems are combination of catch basins and conduit pipes used to collect and transport runoff. The construction of these drainage systems is costly and may cause significant environmental disturbance. In this study, low impact development (LID) methods that consist of extensive green roofs (GRs) and permeable interlocking concrete pavements (PICPs) are applied in real-world construction projects. Construction project documents were reviewed, and related cost information was gathered through the accepted bidding proposals and interviews of specialty contractors in the metropolitan area of Phoenix, Arizona. Results indicate that the application of both LID methods to existing projects can save an average of 27.2% in life cycle costs (LCC) for a 50-year service life and 18.7% in LCC for a 25-year service life on the proposed drainage system, respectively.

关键词： low impact development     traditional drainage system     hydraulic benefits     life-cycle cost    

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The Research on Subject Behavioral Risk of Whole Life-cycle Water Conservation Projects

Hong-yong Liu,Ji Guo,Wei-tao He

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2014年 第1卷 第4期   页码 348-352 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014048

摘要： In 2011, water conservation projects construction in China entered a stage of rapid growth. In February 2013 three dam safety accidents occurred due to improper participant subject behaviors. Improving security and risk management of water conservation projects is therefore considered as imminent. It is urgent to research the risks of the participant subject behaviors. This article takes each participating subject in the whole life-cycle of water conservation projects as the research object, analyzes the risk behaviors and risk evolution processes, dissects the cause of the risks of the participating subject behaviors on the basis of the theory of risk effect, and puts forward that reinforcing the penalties, improving criminal cost and strengthening the engineering ethics education is an effective way to solve safety problems of the current projects.

关键词： water conservation projects     subject behavior     safety accident     risk effect     engineering ethics    

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全生命周期成本分析框架下的电动公交充电器部署和车队管理 Article

曾子凌, 王帅安, 曲小波

《工程（英文）》 2023年 第21卷 第2期   页码 45-60 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.07.019

摘要：

尽管城市交通电气化快速发展，但电池电动公交车（EB）车队的系统规划和管理进展却较为落后。本研究首先综述了影响电池电动系统的基本问题，包括充电站部署、电池尺寸、公交车调度和生命周期分析。目前，EB系统的规划和运行是按顺序进行的，公交车调度是在公交车队和基础设施部署完毕后进行的，这导致了资源利用率低和资源浪费。对此，本文提出了混合整数规划模型整合充电站部署和公交车队管理，以尽可能低的生命周期成本（LCC），包括所有权、运营、维护和排放费用，缩小最佳规划与运营之间的差距。引入了分支定价算法，以减少寻找最佳解决方案所需的计算工作量。本研究还通过分析真实案
例，与目前的公交运营策略和充电站布局相比，一条公交线路的LCC优化后可显著降低30.4%。提出的方法不仅可以进行生命周期分析，还可以为交通部门和运营商提供可靠的充电桩部署及单线和多线的公交调度计划，这两者都是未来具有高电气化普及率的交通系统中决策支持的关键要求，此研究也有助于推动可持续交通的发展。

关键词： 电动公交车     充电站部署     电池尺寸     公交车调度     生命周期分析    

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Life cycle assessment of low impact development technologies combined with conventional centralized water

Hyunju Jeong, Osvaldo A. Broesicke, Bob Drew, Duo Li, John C. Crittenden

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0851-0

摘要： Hybrid system of LID technologies and conventional system was examined. Bioretention areas, rainwater harvesting, and xeriscaping were considered. Technology feasibility was simulated for land use and population density. Synergistic effects of technologies were quantified in defined zones. Uncertainty test was conducted with pedigree matrix and Monte Carlo analysis. Low-impact development (LID) technologies, such as bioretention areas, rooftop rainwater harvesting, and xeriscaping can control stormwater runoff, supply non-potable water, and landscape open space. This study examines a hybrid system (HS) that combines LID technologies with a centralized water system to lessen the burden on a conventional system (CS). CS is defined as the stormwater collection and water supply infrastructure, and the conventional landscaping choices in the City of Atlanta. The study scope is limited to five single-family residential zones (SFZs), classified R-1 through R-5, and four multi-family residential zones (MFZs), classified RG-2 through RG-5. Population density increases from 0.4 (R-1) to 62.2 (RG-5) persons per 1,000 m . We performed a life cycle assessment (LCA) comparison of CS and HS using TRACI 2.1 to simulate impacts on the ecosystem, human health, and natural resources. We quantified the impact of freshwater consumption using the freshwater ecosystem impact (FEI) indicator. Test results indicate that HS has a higher LCA single score than CS in zones with a low population density; however, the difference becomes negligible as population density increases. Incorporating LID in SFZs and MFZs can reduce potable water use by an average of 50% and 25%, respectively; however, water savings are negligible in zones with high population density (i.e., RG-5) due to the diminished surface area per capita available for LID technologies. The results demonstrate that LID technologies effectively reduce outdoor water demand and therefore would be a good choice to decrease the water consumption impact in the City of Atlanta.

关键词： Life cycle assessment (LCA)     Low impact development (LID)     Bioretention area     Rainwater harvesting     Xeriscaping    

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Carbon emission analysis of a residential building in China through life cycle assessment

Yin ZHANG,Xuejing ZHENG,Huan ZHANG,Gaofeng CHEN,Xia WANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第1期   页码 150-158 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0684-7

摘要： In this paper, a quantitative life cycle model for carbon emission accounting was developed based on the life cycle assessment (LCA) theory. A residential building in Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco-city (Tianjin, China) was selected as a sample, which had been constructed according to the concept of green environmental protection and sustainable development. In the scenario of this research, material production, construction, use and maintenance, and demolition phases were assessed by building carbon emission models. Results show that use and maintenance phase and material production phase are the most significant contributors to the life cycle carbon emissions of a building. We also analyzed some factor influences in LCA, including the thickness of the insulating layer and the length of building service life. The analysis suggest that thicker insulating layer does not necessarily produce less carbon emissions in the light of LCA, and if service life of a building increases, its carbon emissions during the whole life cycle will rise as well but its unit carbon emission will decrease inversely. Some advices on controlling carbon emissions from buildings are also provided.

关键词： life cycle assessment     carbon emission     factor influence analysis    

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新冠病毒肺炎疫情下基于区块链的医院全生命周期环境管理框架 Article

钟波涛, 高寒, 丁烈云, 王宇航

《工程（英文）》 2023年 第20卷 第1期   页码 208-221 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.06.024

摘要：

新冠病毒肺炎疫情持续蔓延，世界各国纷纷通过新建或改造的方式建设了一批应急医院。医院的全生命周期环境管理对预防新冠病毒肺炎院内感染至关重要。为应对病例的激增，新建医院往往需要快速交付使用，工期被极大地压缩，工作流程审批速度加快，无法按照常规流程进行质量检查和验收，增加了感染预防措施执行质量的控制难度。本研究探索了区块链技术在改造应急医院项目工作质量检查流程中的潜力，以保障快速建造模式下医院感染控制措施的有力执行。建立了基于区块链的全生命周期环境管理框架，用于追溯医院在设计、施工和运营阶段中关键感染控制措施的执行过程。当无法及时检查某些工序时，该框架能够支持工序完成后再检查。本研究通过用例阐述了该框架的具体功能和应用场景，为医院快速建造模式下的环境管理提供了基于区块链的解决方案。

关键词： 区块链     环境管理     院内感染控制     工作质量管理     生命周期可追溯性    

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Clustering economic sectors in China on a life cycle basis to achieve environmental sustainability

Sai LIANG, Tianzhu ZHANG, Xiaoping JIA

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第1期   页码 97-108 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0402-2

摘要： To improve material efficiency, industrial structure optimization becomes a focal point in Chinese industrial and environmental policies. It is crucial to cluster economic sectors and determine their priority for industrial and environmental policy implementation. Integrating a set of criteria, a hybrid input-output model and the hierarchical cluster analysis, this study clusters China’s economic sectors and determines their priority on a life cycle basis. China’s economic sectors are clustered into three clusters. Industrial structure changes (industrial policy) should encourage the development of sectors in cluster 1 and limit the development of sectors in cluster 2. Technology development and materials recycling (two environmental policies) should mainly focus on sectors in clusters 1 and 2. Future industrial policies in China should limit the development of two sectors named and . Instead of limiting some industries by command-and-control, the best policy option is to remedy environmental standards and law enforcement. Enterprises belonging to the identified key sectors from the viewpoint of direct production impacts should be concerned to achieve enterprise sustainability. To achieve sustainable production chains, the identified key sectors from the viewpoint of accumulative production impacts should be concerned. For sustainable consumption, the identified key sectors from the viewpoint of consumption impacts should be concerned to transform consumption styles. Most of environmental pressure can be alleviated not only by technical improvements and material recycling, but also by the development of economic sectors in cluster 1.

关键词： cluster analysis     input-output model     life cycle     material flow analysis     sustainable development    

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大型公益项目全寿命周期过程集成模型及其支撑条件研究

张国宗,王永华,刘雄

《中国工程科学》 2014年 第16卷 第10期   页码 106-112

摘要：

大型公益项目管理全寿命周期过程集成是指从项目决策、规划设计、实施、运行维护、结束等阶段的项目过程集成。本文以实现项目全寿命周期目标体系为目的，以系统观点、过程观点及价值工程思想为指导，研究了从项目策划、规划设计、实施到运营的全过程集成管理，及其不同阶段不同任务之间的相互关系和作用，建立了大型公益项目全寿命周期过程集成模型，并讨论了大型公益项目全寿命周期过程集成的支撑条件，实现项目全寿命周期的平衡与和谐，提高了项目投资效益和社会公益服务功能，从而提高了大型公益项目的价值。

关键词： 大型公益项目     全寿命周期     过程集成     支撑条件    

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Life cycle assessment and economic analysis of HFC-134a production from natural gas compared with oil-based

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第12期   页码 1713-1725 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2210-y

摘要： China is the largest producer and consumer of HFC-134a (1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane) in the world. Coal-based route is mainly adopted to produce HFC-134a, which suffers from large waste and CO2 emissions. Natural gas is a low-carbon and clean energy resource, and no research has been found on the environment and economy of producing HFC-134a from natural gas. In this study, CML 2001 method was used to carry out the life cycle assessment of natural gas (partial oxidation)-based and natural gas (plasma cracking)-based routes (abbreviated as gas(O)-based and gas(P)-based routes, respectively), and their environmental performances were compared with coal-based and oil-based routes. Meanwhile, considering that China is vigorously promoting the transformation of energy structure, and the application of electric heating equipment to replace fossil-based heating equipment in industrial field, which has a great impact on the environmental performance of the production processes, the authors conducted a scenario analysis. The results showed that the gas(O)-based route had the most favourable environmental benefits. However, the gas(P)-based route had the highest potential for reducing environmental burdens, and its environmental benefit was the most favourable in scenario 2050. Additionally, the economic performance of the gas(P)-based route was significantly better than that of gas(O)-based and coal-based routes.

关键词： life cycle assessment     economic performance     HFC-134a     natural gas     oil     coal    

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Toward the development of process plans with reduced environmental impacts

Fu ZHAO, Vance R. MURRAY, Karthik RAMANI, John W. SUTHERLAND

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第7卷 第3期   页码 231-246 doi: 10.1007/s11465-012-0334-3

摘要：

Manufacturing process planning serves as a pivotal link between design and manufacturing. Process planning decisions play a critical role in determining the cost and environmental impacts associated with manufacturing. Past efforts to address environmental issues during process planning are briefly reviewed and potential approaches that can achieve reduced environmental impacts are then discussed. A proposed method is presented for environmentally conscious process planning. The method begins with an existing process plan, and then identifies impactful process steps, and associated design features, in terms of manufacturing cost and environmental impact. Alternative processes that can achieve these features are then considered to generate alternative process plans. These alternatives are then evaluated in terms of economic and environmental performance. The results of these evaluations are then used to generate a set of process plans that are non-dominated with respect to manufacturing cost and environmental impact objectives to produce a Pareto frontier. The proposed method is demonstrated using the manufacturing of a prosthetic hip shell as a case study.

关键词： process planning     life cycle assessment (LCA)     sustainable manufacturing     prosthetic hip shell    

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Energy systems engineering: methodologies and applications

Pei LIU, Efstratios N. PISTIKOPOULOS, Zheng LI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第2期   页码 131-142 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0035-8

摘要： Energy systems are the major contributor to ever-increasing primary energy consumption and consequent greenhouse gas emissions. To tackle these critical problems, planning and design of energy systems needs to be improved towards a more efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally benign direction. However, although there are many technical choices available, they are often developed separately by their own technical communities and driven by their specific interest, thus methods and experience obtained in planning and design of a certain type of energy systems are usually not applicable to other types of energy systems. Energy systems engineering provides a generic methodological framework to facilitate the planning and design of energy systems and to produce integrated solutions to real-life complex energy problems via a systematic approach.In this paper, we present an overview of key methodologies of energy systems engineering, covering superstructure based modelling, mixed-integer programming, multi-objective optimization, optimization under uncertainty, and life-cycle assessment. Applications of these methodologies in polygeneration energy systems design, hydrogen infrastructure planning, and design of energy systems in commercial buildings are provided to demonstrate the capability of these methodologies.

关键词： energy systems engineering     superstructure     mixed-integer programming     multi-objective optimization     optimization under uncertainty     life-cycle assessment    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Analysis on carbon emission reduction intensity of fuel cell vehicles from a life-cycle perspective

期刊论文

Life-cycle analysis of energy use and greenhouse gas emissions of gas-to-liquid fuel pathway from steel

Xunmin OU, Xu ZHANG, Qian ZHANG, Xiliang ZHANG

期刊论文

Life-cycle cost analysis of optimal timing of pavement preservation

Zilong WANG,Hao WANG

期刊论文

Life-cycle assessment and techno-economic analysis of the production of wood vinegar from stem: a case

期刊论文

Life cycle cost savings analysis on traditional drainage systems from low impact development strategies

Pengfei ZHANG, Samuel T. ARIARATNAM

期刊论文

The Research on Subject Behavioral Risk of Whole Life-cycle Water Conservation Projects

Hong-yong Liu,Ji Guo,Wei-tao He

期刊论文

全生命周期成本分析框架下的电动公交充电器部署和车队管理

曾子凌, 王帅安, 曲小波

期刊论文

Life cycle assessment of low impact development technologies combined with conventional centralized water

Hyunju Jeong, Osvaldo A. Broesicke, Bob Drew, Duo Li, John C. Crittenden

期刊论文

Carbon emission analysis of a residential building in China through life cycle assessment

Yin ZHANG,Xuejing ZHENG,Huan ZHANG,Gaofeng CHEN,Xia WANG

期刊论文

新冠病毒肺炎疫情下基于区块链的医院全生命周期环境管理框架

钟波涛, 高寒, 丁烈云, 王宇航

期刊论文

Clustering economic sectors in China on a life cycle basis to achieve environmental sustainability

Sai LIANG, Tianzhu ZHANG, Xiaoping JIA

期刊论文

大型公益项目全寿命周期过程集成模型及其支撑条件研究

张国宗,王永华,刘雄

期刊论文

Life cycle assessment and economic analysis of HFC-134a production from natural gas compared with oil-based

期刊论文

Toward the development of process plans with reduced environmental impacts

Fu ZHAO, Vance R. MURRAY, Karthik RAMANI, John W. SUTHERLAND

期刊论文

Energy systems engineering: methodologies and applications

Pei LIU, Efstratios N. PISTIKOPOULOS, Zheng LI

期刊论文